What is Sinus Lifting ?
There are certain conditions required for a successful completion of implant applications to replace teeth in the upper jaw. One of these conditions is that the bone structure starting from the end of the jaw must have sufficient volume and density. In cases where this hard tissue does not meet the necessary conditions, the dental implant operation cannot be started directly. A sinus lift, sometimes called a sinus augmentation, should be applied to achieve success in the process.
A sinus lift is a technique used to intensify the existing bone in the jaw by surgical means or to provide new bone formation in areas where it is missing. The aim of this technique is to create the bone with the required density and volume that will allow the dental implant to fully adhere. In other words, a sinus lift procedure is a must in some cases for the implant to be long-lasting and healthy.
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What is Sinus Lifting?
Sinus lifting, also known as sinus augmentation or sinus elevation, is a surgical procedure that aims to increase the amount of bone in the upper jaw to support dental implants. It involves lifting the sinus membrane and placing a bone graft in the space created between the membrane and the jawbone.
The anatomy of the maxillary sinus
The maxillary sinus is a hollow space located above the upper teeth and below the eye sockets. It is lined with a thin membrane and filled with air. The roots of the upper teeth can extend into the maxillary sinus, leaving insufficient bone for implant placement.
Why To Perform Sinus Lifting
Sinus lifting is typically done when there is not enough bone height in the upper jaw to support dental implants. This can be due to a variety of reasons, including:
Tooth loss
When a tooth is lost, the bone that previously supported it can shrink or resorb over time.
Gum disease
Periodontal disease can cause bone loss and compromise the jawbone’s ability to support dental implants.
Trauma
Injuries to the jawbone can result in bone loss and insufficient bone height for implant placement
Genetics
Some people may have naturally thin or inadequate bone in the upper jaw.
What Are Different Types Of Sinus Lifting?
There are two main types of sinus lifting techniques
Lateral Window Technique
This involves creating a small window in the side of the maxillary sinus, lifting the membrane, and placing a bone graft in the space created.
Crestal Technique
This involves creating a small hole in the jawbone, near the site of the implant, and using a special tool to lift the membrane and place the bone graft.
What Are Advantages And Disadvantages Of Each Technique?
The lateral window technique allows for more bone graft material to be placed, resulting in better bone regeneration. However, it requires a larger incision and has a slightly higher risk of complications, such as sinusitis or membrane perforation.
The crestal technique is less invasive and has a lower risk of complications. However, it may not provide enough bone volume for some cases and may require multiple procedures to achieve the desired results.
Indications and Contraindications for Sinus Lifting
Sinus lifting is indicated for patients with insufficient bone height in the upper jaw to support dental implants. However, it is not recommended for patients who:
- Have active sinus infections or chronic sinusitis
- Have a history of radiation therapy in the head and neck area
- Smoke or have uncontrolled diabetes or other chronic medical conditions that may affect bone healing
Preoperative Preparation And Evaluation
Before the procedure, a comprehensive dental and medical history will be taken, and a thorough dental examination, including X-rays and CT scans, will be performed. This will help determine the amount of bone available, the condition of the sinuses, and the type of bone graft material to be used.
Step by Step Procedure
Anesthesia
Local anesthesia or conscious sedation may be used to numb the area and help the patient relax during the procedure.
Incision
A small incision is made in the gum tissue to expose the jawbone
Preparation of the Site:
A small hole is drilled in the jawbone, and the membrane is gently lifted using a special tool.
Placement Of The Bone Graft:
Bone graft material, such as synthetic bone or a patient’s own bone, is placed in the space created between the membrane and the jawbone.
Closing the incision
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